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Prevalence, incidence, demographics, and clinical characteristics: the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study
OBJECTIVE - To report the 2001 prevalence and 2002-2005 incidence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in Hispanic American youth and to describe the demographic, clinical, and behavioral characteristics of these youth.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - Data from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study, a population-based multicenter observational study of youth aged 0-19 years with physician-diagnosed diabetes, were used to estimate the prevalence and incidence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Information obtained by questionnaire, physical examination, and blood and urine collection was analyzed to describe the characteristics of youth who completed a study visit.
RESULTS - Among Hispanic American youth, type 1 diabetes was more prevalent than type 2 diabetes, including in youth aged 10-19 years. There were no significant sex differences in type 1 or type 2 diabetes prevalence. The incidence of type 2 diabetes for female subjects aged 10-14 years was twice that of male subjects (P < 0.005), while among youth aged 15-19 years the incidence of type 2 diabetes exceeded that of type 1 diabetes for female subjects (P < 0.05) but not for male subjects. Poor glycemic control, defined as A1C ≥9.5%, as well as high LDL cholesterol and triglycerides were common among youth aged ≥15 years with either type of diabetes. Forty-four percent of youth with type 1 diabetes were overweight or obese.
CONCLUSIONS - Factors such as poor glycemic control, elevated lipids, and a high prevalence of overweight and obesity may put Hispanic youth with type 1 and type 2 diabetes at risk for future diabetes-related complications.
Diabetes Care 32 (Suppl. 2):S123-S132, 2009
In 2006, the U.S. Census Bureau esti- mated that there were 44.3 million people of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity living in the U.S., representing ~15% of the total U.S. population (1). About 66% of people of Hispanic ethnicity in the U.S. are Mexican American and 9% are Puerto Rican (2). About 2.5 million (9.5%) Hispanic Americans aged ≥20 years have been diagnosed with diabetes. Mexican Americans and residents of Puerto Rico are ~1.7 and 1.8 times as likely, respectively, to have diabetes as U.S. nonHispanic whites of similar age (3).
In 2006, ~37% of the...