L'emergence d'un principe de proportionnalite en droit administratif

C'est apres une definition du principe de proportionnalite que sont identifies se fondements en droit administratif, de meme qu'en droit public general. La proportionnalite est ensuite abordee sous l'angle du controle judiciare des faits, a travers l'evolution de la notion de l'erreur manifestement deraisonnable. L'interaction du principe en matiere de droits et libertes ainsi qu'en droit supranational, par reference a la notion americaine du substantial evidence, a egalement retenu l'attention de l'auteure. Une analyse des manifestations jurisprudentielles, en droit administratif, du principe de proportionnalite suit ces premiers developpements. Y sont alors successivement abordes les themes de la proportionnalite de la sanction, de la suffisance de la preuve et de la necessite de l'atteinte a un droit. Enfin, une discussion portant sur la theorie francaise du bilan couts et avantages precede celle traitant de l'incidence de la proportionnalite en matiere de controle reglementaire, laquelle complete l'etude.

Alternate abstract:

It is after a definition of the principle of proportionality that its foundations in administrative law, as well as in general public law, are identified. Proportionality is then approached from the angle of judicial control of the facts, through the evolution of the notion of manifestly unreasonable error. The interaction of the principle in matters of rights and freedoms as well as in supranational law, with reference to the American notion of substantial evidence, also caught the attention of the author. An analysis of the jurisprudential manifestations, in administrative law, of the principle of proportionality follows these first developments. The themes of the proportionality of the sanction, the sufficiency of the proof and the necessity of the infringement of a right are then successively addressed. Finally, a discussion on the French theory of cost and benefit balance precedes that dealing with the impact of proportionality in matters of regulatory control, which completes the study.