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Abandoned mines   
Classification Code: 
     8500 
Broader Term: 
     Mines 
Related Terms: 
     Mining 
     Mining industry 

Abandonments   
Scope Note: 
     The voluntary surrender of property, or a right to property, without an attempt to reclaim 
Classification Code: 
     8360 
Use For: 
     Buildings, Abandoned 
     Property, Abandoned 
Related Terms: 
     Escheat laws 
     Neighborhood blight 
     Property rights 

Abbreviations   
Broader Term: 
     Language 
Related Terms: 
     Writing 

ABC transporters   
Related Terms: 
     Adenosine triphosphatase 
     Biochemistry 

Abdomen   
Scope Note: 
     That part of the body that contains all the organs between the chest and the pelvis 
Use For: 
     Belly 
Broader Term: 
     Anatomy & physiology 
Related Terms: 
     Abdominal surgery 
     Gastroenterology 
     Hernias 
     Stomach 

Abdominal surgery   
Scope Note: 
     Surgery in the abdominal area 
Broader Term: 
     Surgery 
Related Terms: 
     Abdomen 
     Gastrointestinal surgery 
     Liposuction 

Abduction 
Use Instead: 
     Kidnapping 

Ability   
Narrower Term: 
     Cognitive ability 
Related Terms: 
     Aptitudes 

Ability grouping   
Scope Note: 
     Assigning students to classes or programs according to ability 
Classification Code: 
     8306 
Use For: 
     Tracking (Education) 
Broader Term: 
     Classification 
Related Terms: 
     Ability tests 
     Child placement 
     Educational evaluation 
     Gifted children 
     Gifted education 

Ability tests   
Scope Note: 
     Any test that assesses an individual's ability or skills, physical or mental, in any context 
Use For: 
     Skills tests 
Broader Term: 
     Tests 
Related Terms: 
     Ability grouping 
     Achievement tests 
     Cognitive ability 
     Educational evaluation 
     Skill development 
     Standardized tests 

Abnormal psychology   
Scope Note: 
     Study of the nature of psychopathology, its causes, and its treatment 
Broader Term: 
     Clinical psychology 
     Psychology 
Related Terms: 
     Brain damage 
     Brain diseases 
     Mental disorders 
     Psychopathology 

Abnormal returns   
Scope Note: 
     When the return on an asset or security is in excess of the expected rate of return 
Classification Code: 
     3400 
Broader Term: 
     Rates of return 
Related Terms: 
     Expected returns 
     Securities analysis 
     Securities trading 
     Stock prices 

Abolition of slavery   
Scope Note: 
     Outlawing of the trade in human slaves 
Broader Term: 
     Slavery 
Related Terms: 
     Emancipation of slaves 
     Slave trade 
     Underground Railroad 

Aboriginal peoples--Canada 
Use Instead: 
     Native North Americans 

Aboriginal students 
Use Instead: 
     Native students 

Aborigines 
Use Instead: 
     Native peoples 

Abortion   
Use For: 
     Induced abortion 
Broader Term: 
     Medical procedures 
Related Terms: 
     Birth control 
     Fetuses 
     Partial Birth Abortion Ban Act 2003-US 
     Prenatal development 
     Pro choice movement 
     Pro life movement 
     Womens health 
     Womens rights movement 

Abortion rights movement 
Use Instead: 
     Pro choice movement 

Abrasives   
Broader Term: 
     Cleaning compounds 
Related Terms: 
     Detergents 

Abreast of the market (wsj)   
Scope Note: 
     Wall Street Journal column heading--used to index WSJ ONLY 

Absentee voting   
Classification Code: 
     1210 
Broader Term: 
     Voting 
Related Terms: 
     Elections 
     Voter registration 

Absenteeism   
Use For: 
     Labor absenteeism 
     Work absence 
Narrower Term: 
     Sick leave 
Related Terms: 
     Attendance 
     Employee counseling 
     School attendance 
     Truancy 
     Work ethic 
     Working hours 

Absolute zero   
Scope Note: 
     Temperature at which substances possess no thermal energy; equal to -273 degrees Celsius 
Broader Term: 
     Temperature 
Related Terms: 
     Cryogenic engineering 
     Physics 
     Superfluidity 
     Thermodynamics 

Absorption costing   
Scope Note: 
     Accounting method that treats manufacturing costs differently from nonmanufacturing costs 
Classification Code: 
     4120 
Broader Term: 
     Cost accounting 
Related Terms: 
     Direct costs 
     Overhead costs 
     Production costs 

Absorption rates   
Scope Note: 
     Expressed as a percentage, number of properties that can be bought or sold in a particular market 
Classification Code: 
     8360 
Broader Term: 
     Real estate 
Related Terms: 
     Commercial real estate 
     Commercial space 
     Occupancy rates 
     Office buildings 
     Office space 

Abuse of adults 
Use Instead: 
     Adult abuse & neglect 

Abuse of children 
Use Instead: 
     Child abuse & neglect 

Abuse, Psychological 
Use Instead: 
     Emotional abuse 

Abused adults 
Use Instead: 
     Adult abuse & neglect 

Abused children 
Use Instead: 
     Child abuse & neglect 

Academic achievement   
Classification Code: 
     8306 
Use For: 
     Grade point average 
Broader Term: 
     Education 
Narrower Term: 
     Academic achievement gaps 
     Academic degrees 
     Academic grading 
     Achievement tests 
Related Terms: 
     Academic failure 
     Academic standards 
     Academic underachievement 
     Colleges & universities 
     Educational psychology 
     Graduation requirements 
     No Child Left Behind Act 2001-US 
     Scholarships & fellowships 
     Students 

Academic achievement gaps   
Scope Note: 
     Differences in performance between disadvantaged and minority/ethnic students and their peers 
Classification Code: 
     8306 
Use For: 
     Achievement gaps--Education 
Broader Term: 
     Academic achievement 
     Education 
Related Terms: 
     Academic standards 
     Academic underachievement 
     At risk students 
     Education discrimination 
     Low income groups 
     Minority & ethnic groups 
     No Child Left Behind Act 2001-US 

Academic degrees   
Scope Note: 
     A title conferred on students upon graduating from a program of study at a college or university 
Classification Code: 
     8306 
Use For: 
     Associates degree 
     Bachelors degree 
     Doctoral degree 
     Masters degree 
Broader Term: 
     Academic achievement 
Related Terms: 
     Colleges & universities 
     Graduate studies 
     Graduation requirements 
     Higher education 
     MBA programs & graduates 

Academic failure   
Scope Note: 
     The failure of a student to meet academic standards, including failure to be promoted or to graduate 
Classification Code: 
     8306 
Use For: 
     Failure, Academic 
     Student failure 
Broader Term: 
     Failure 
Related Terms: 
     Academic achievement 
     Academic grading 
     Academic probation 
     Academic underachievement 
     At risk students 
     Grade repetition 
     Graduation requirements 
     School dropouts 
     Social promotion 

Academic freedom   
Scope Note: 
     Educators' freedom to teach and research what they choose 
Classification Code: 
     8306 
Broader Term: 
     Education 
Related Terms: 
     Colleges & universities 
     Curricula 
     Research 
     Teachers 
     Teaching 

Academic grading   
Classification Code: 
     8306 
Use For: 
     Grading of students 
Broader Term: 
     Academic achievement 
Related Terms: 
     Academic failure 
     Academic probation 
     Achievement tests 
     Cheating 
     Education portfolios 
     Educational evaluation 
     Tests 

Academic guidance counseling   
Classification Code: 
     8306 
Use For: 
     Guidance counseling 
     Student counseling 
Broader Term: 
     Counseling 
     Education 
Related Terms: 
     Career preparation 
     Counselor client relationships 
     Counselor education 
     School counseling 

Academic libraries   
Scope Note: 
     Library in a higher educational institution, such as a college or university 
Classification Code: 
     8306 
Use For: 
     College libraries 
     Research libraries 
Broader Term: 
     Libraries 
Related Terms: 
     Librarians 
     Library collections 
     Library resources 
     School libraries 

Academic marketing   
Scope Note: 
     Efforts of educational institutions to attract students and funding 
Classification Code: 
     7000 
     8306 
Broader Term: 
     Marketing 
Narrower Term: 
     Student recruitment 
Related Terms: 
     Admissions policies 
     College admissions 
     College choice 
     Colleges & universities 
     Enrollment management 
     Enrollments 

Academic probation   
Scope Note: 
     Period during which a student is given a chance to improve his grades or behavior 
Classification Code: 
     8306 
Use For: 
     Probation (Education) 
Related Terms: 
     Academic failure 
     Academic grading 
     Academic underachievement 

Academic publishing 
Use Instead: 
     Scholarly publishing 

Academic standards   
Scope Note: 
     Standards for performance in defined academic areas set at the local, state, or federal levels 
Classification Code: 
     8306 
Broader Term: 
     Standards 
Related Terms: 
     Academic achievement 
     Academic achievement gaps 
     Academic underachievement 
     Achievement tests 
     Core curriculum 
     Education policy 
     Educational evaluation 
     No Child Left Behind Act 2001-US 
     Quality of education 
     School effectiveness 
     Standardized tests 

Academic underachievement   
Scope Note: 
     Student performance that is below standards or below potential 
Classification Code: 
     8306 
Use For: 
     Underachievement (Education) 
Related Terms: 
     Academic achievement 
     Academic achievement gaps 
     Academic failure 
     Academic probation 
     Academic standards 
     At risk students 
     Grade repetition 
     Social promotion 

Academy awards   
Scope Note: 
     Most prominent film awards in the US 
Classification Code: 
     8307 
Use For: 
     Oscars (Motion picture awards) 
Broader Term: 
     Awards & honors 
     Motion picture industry 
Related Terms: 
     Actors 
     Golden Globe awards 
     Motion pictures 

Acadian culture   
Use For: 
     Cajuns 
Broader Term: 
     Minority & ethnic groups 

Accelerated cost recovery system   
Classification Code: 
     4210 
Use For: 
     ACRS 
Broader Term: 
     Cost recovery 
     Depreciation 
     Depreciation methods 
Narrower Term: 
     Modified accelerated cost recovery system 
Related Terms: 
     Capital cost recovery allowances 
     Declining balance method 
     Depreciable assets 
     Tax basis 

Accelerated death benefits   
Scope Note: 
     Life insurance policy that allows policyowner to receive, prior to death, a large portion of the benefit in cash 
Classification Code: 
     4220 
     8210 
Use For: 
     Living benefits 
     Transferable insurance policy 
     Viatical settlement 
Broader Term: 
     Death benefits 
Related Terms: 
     Estate planning 
     Hardship distributions 
     Insurance policies 
     Life insurance 
     Riders 
     Terminal illnesses 

Accelerated depreciation methods 
Use Instead: 
     Depreciation methods 

Accelerated life tests   
Scope Note: 
     Tests done to analyze life data for a product under accelerated stress conditions 
Classification Code: 
     7500 
Broader Term: 
     Product testing 
Related Terms: 
     Failure analysis 
     Materials durability 
     Product design 
     Product life cycle 
     Product reliability 
     Reliability engineering 
     Testing laboratories 

Acceleration   
Use For: 
     Acceleration (Mechanics) 
Related Terms: 
     Accelerometers 
     Gravity 
     Inertia 
     Kinetics 
     Particle accelerators 
     Physics 
     Velocity 
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