This dissertation explores the definition and persistence of small community, as a unit of anthropological analysis and in the lives of the Cochin Paradesi Jews of South India. Ethnographic fieldwork in India and Israel shows their successful transition from one world to another, as they migrate to Israel. Pride in their history, boundary flexibility, continuity of folk practice, and active participation of most community members in ritual and decision-making contribute to reconstruction of the Paradesi-Cochinite community there.
Ethnohistorical background is provided on their 400 years in South India, where about 50 of them still live. External boundaries have been maintained in interactions with outsiders and struggles to determine who is an outsider, especially in relation to issues of conversion and the influence of the Indian caste system. Community identity has undergone consolidation in recent years with a stress on "code for conduct" rather than "natural substance". Internal dynamics of community life are characterized by geographical unity, a central institution (the synagogue), folklore and folk practice, and traditional hospitality and communication patterns. A case study of the ritual of Passover preparations illustrates the interaction of external boundary maintenance and internal group solidarity.
About 165 people make up the Israeli branch of the community, which lacks geographical unity or any central institution. Different external boundaries are stressed in this Jewish environment. New members are welcomed if they are able to adjust to the code for conduct, which features continuity of folk practice, a distinctive communication style, appreciation of community history, and a strong network of mutual aid and complex visiting patterns. Case studies of Passover preparations and community parties in Israel show continuities and changes in ritual practice. Throughout the study, women's importance in community persistence is emphasized, along with their leading role in social change.
