The three basic functions of a university are: (1) To teach students and to prepare them to practise an occupation. (2) To promote learning by revealing new knowledge through research and investigation. (3) To make the new knowledge known to the world, for the benefit of society.
The research function is either "basic" research, or "applied" research. The former is primarily concerned with knowledge of the underlying foundations of phenomena and observable facts, while the latter is directed primarily towards a specific practical industrial objective.
Presumably, a university would wish to see the results of applied research being used in industry. New technology developed at a university must therefore be transferred to industry so that the latter can use it.
The author finds that, in South Africa, universities do not possess the necessary knowledge and skills to effectively carry out the management of new technology, and its transfer to industry.
The author investigates the mechanism and the science of technology transfer on a broad interdisciplinary and international front. He concludes that successful technology transfer hinges on the four factors: (1) A correct approach to new technology development. (2) An established policy regarding ownership of new technology. (3) An established policy regarding protection of new technology. (4) An established policy regarding transfer of new technology.
The author examines the legal and technical aspects of new technology management, and also examines the current practice of universities, industry and research bodies in South Africa and several overseas countries. From these findings, the author derives a recommended policy for South African universities regarding the management of new technology.
The author finds that there are also changes of approach and attitude required from industry and from Government, and that the three sectors will have to work together if effective use of university research skills is to be made.
