This research project was a qualitative study of the effects of using familiar music to stimulate preserved memory function in persons with dementia. A case study analysis of four women with dementia, who participated in two music therapy sessions each week for eight weeks, was completed. Songs specific to each individual participant were chosen and then used in each session as a retrieval cue for past memories. Every session was video taped and then analyzed for each participant's spontaneous responses to this music. Findings indicate that music memory is still preserved in those with dementia despite language deficits and other cognitive problems. Findings were discussed in relation to spontaneous physical responses, increased familiarity, increased word finding, melodic memory, recall of lyrics, spontaneous recollection, and remembrances. Comparisons from current memory theory are made to explain some of the observations.
Analysis also revealed recurring themes indicating awareness of self and personal needs. These themes included, I Know Who I am, Don't Leave Me Alone--Stay with Me, I Don't Know Why I Love You Like I Do, What's Wrong/What's Wrong With Me?, and Did You Just Say What I Think You Said. The themes presented personal issues that are still very real for those with dementia yet rarely addressed in the literature.
Clinical issues relating to music therapy work with persons with dementia are also discussed.
