The purpose of this study was to identify and assess the organizational, political, and economic factors that affected implementation of the policy to Africanize faculty at the University of Ghana from 1961-1966. Africanization was a term used to refer to the hiring and promotion of Africans as opposed to expatriates. The study explained how these factors affected implementation by providing an analysis of the means through which these factors impeded or contributed to implementation success. It also examined the policy consequence that resulted from the effect of these factors.
The study concerned itself with the policy objective on Africanization recommended by the Commission on University Education, an internationally-constituted commission formed by Kwame Nkrumah's government in 1960 to advise on the future development of University education in Ghana. The study was historical in its attempt to reconstruct events so as to determine the means through which the factors contributed either negatively or positively to implementation success.
The study relied on documentary research and utilized internal validity checks and data triangulation to ensure reliability of data. Data sources were policy documents, archival records, newspaper publications, books, and manuscripts. These were obtained from the Florida State University Library, Tallahassee, Florida; the Library of Congress, Washington, DC; the Dabu-Gizenga Collection on Kwame Nkrumah, Manuscript Division, Howard University Library; and the Registry, University of Ghana.
Organizational factors such as policy leadership, communication, and administration coordination; political factors such as ideology and the form and nature of the power structure; and economic factors such as allocation of funds, contracts and the supply of labor had significant effects on the policy. Policy leadership, communication, administrative coordination and the supply of labor impeded the attainment of the policy objective; while ideology, the form and nature of the power structure, allocation of funds and contracts had positive effects on the implementation of the policy.
